{"id":4055,"date":"2026-03-30T09:08:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T07:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jc-correct.com\/blog\/?p=4055"},"modified":"2026-04-14T12:15:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T10:15:34","slug":"nejtezsi-jazyky-sveta-ktere-to-jsou-a-proc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jc-correct.com\/blog\/nejtezsi-jazyky-sveta-ktere-to-jsou-a-proc\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky sv\u011bta: Kter\u00e9 to jsou a pro\u010d?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vybrat nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky na sv\u011bt\u011b nen\u00ed v\u016fbec snadn\u00fd \u00fakol, proto\u017ee obt\u00ed\u017enost je ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e subjektivn\u00ed. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mate\u0159sk\u00e9m jazyce dan\u00e9ho mluv\u010d\u00edho, jeho jazykov\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech a dal\u0161\u00edch faktorech.
Nicm\u00e9n\u011b existuj\u00ed jazyky, kter\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 gramatice, v\u00fdslovnosti, p\u00edsmu nebo kulturn\u00edm rozd\u00edl\u016fm. Poj\u010fme se spole\u010dn\u011b pod\u00edvat na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edn\u0161tina (mandar\u00edn\u0161tina)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edn\u0161tina<\/a> je \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bna jako jeden z nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch jazyk\u016f sv\u011bta. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je bezesporu jej\u00ed ton\u00e1ln\u00ed povaha. \u010c\u00edn\u0161tina m\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed t\u00f3ny, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit v\u00fdznam slova. Nap\u0159\u00edklad slovo \u201ema\u201c m\u016f\u017ee znamenat \u201ematka\u201c, \u201ekonop\u00ed\u201c, \u201ek\u016f\u0148\u201c nebo \u201enad\u00e1vat\u201c v z\u00e1vislosti na t\u00f3nu p\u0159i vysloven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velkou v\u00fdzvou je i samotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo. M\u00edsto abecedy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010d\u00edn\u0161tina tis\u00edce znak\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159edstavuje jednu slabiku a m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed specifick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Jen si p\u0159edstavte, kolik znak\u016f je pot\u0159eba se nau\u010dit pro plynul\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed a psan\u00ed. A toho \u010dasu. Ur\u010dit\u011b se te\u010f nebudete divit, \u017ee je \u010d\u00edn\u0161tina jako kon\u00ed\u010dek \u010dasov\u011b velice n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arab\u0161tina<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm jazykem, kter\u00fd si zde uvedeme, je arab\u0161tina<\/a>. Jej\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnost tak\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z n\u011bkolika faktor\u016f. Prvn\u00edm je op\u011bt p\u00edsmo \u2013 arab\u0161tina pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 abecedu, kter\u00e1 se (narozd\u00edl od n\u00e1mi pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9) p\u00ed\u0161e zprava doleva, a mnoho p\u00edsmen m\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy v z\u00e1vislosti na jejich pozici ve slov\u011b (za\u010d\u00e1tek, st\u0159ed, konec nebo pokud stoj\u00ed izolovan\u011b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gramatika arab\u0161tiny je tak\u00e9 velmi slo\u017eit\u00e1 \u2013 m\u00e1 velmi bohat\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed sloves, sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed gramatick\u00e9 struktury. A nesm\u00edme opomenout ani v\u00fdslovnost hl\u00e1sek, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro mluv\u010d\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, proto\u017ee obsahuje zvuky, kter\u00e9 se v t\u011bchto jazyc\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u011b nevyskytuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Japon\u0161tina<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Japon\u0161tina<\/a> je tak\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd jazyk. Svoji \u00falohu v tom ur\u010dit\u011b sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 i fakt, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o kombinaci t\u0159\u00ed abeced \u2013 hiragana, katakana, a tis\u00edce znak\u016f kanji. Znaky kanji jsou p\u0159evzat\u00e9 z \u010d\u00edn\u0161tiny a maj\u00ed \u010dasto n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f \u010dten\u00ed, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velice slo\u017eit\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A to nen\u00ed v\u0161e, japon\u0161tina m\u00e1 specifick\u00fd a velice slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m zdvo\u0159ilosti a form\u00e1lnosti, kter\u00fd ovliv\u0148uje slova a gramatick\u00e9 struktury pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kontextech. Tento syst\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt (a v\u011bt\u0161inou je) pro cizince matouc\u00ed a jeho osvojen\u00ed je velice n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ma\u010far\u0161tina<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esu\u0148me se ale te\u010f do centr\u00e1ln\u00ed Evropy, nebo\u0165 i zde m\u00e1me jednoho z\u00e1stupce pro n\u00e1\u0161 seznam. T\u00edm je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ma\u010far\u0161tina<\/a>. Ta, jako\u017eto ugrofinsk\u00fd jazyk, je pro mluv\u010d\u00ed indoevropsk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za velmi obt\u00ed\u017enou. A nen\u00ed divu. Ugrofinsk\u00e9 jazyky maj\u00ed jin\u00e9 z\u00e1klady a celkov\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o odli\u0161nou jazykovou v\u011btev, kter\u00e1 je n\u00e1m gramaticky vzd\u00e1len\u00e1.
Ma\u010far\u0161tina m\u00e1 slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 p\u00e1dy. Najdeme v n\u00ed tak\u00e9 aglutina\u010dn\u00ed strukturu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se ke ko\u0159eni slova p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpony pro vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed gramatick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, jako jsou p\u00e1dy, \u010dasy, osoby a dal\u0161\u00ed. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k velmi dlouh\u00fdm a komplexn\u00edm slov\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Korej\u0161tina<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jako posledn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce si zde uve\u010fme korej\u0161tinu. Ta je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed sv\u00fdm p\u00edsmem hangul, kter\u00e9 je sice logick\u00e9 a systematick\u00e9, ale st\u00e1le se jedn\u00e1 pro n\u00e1s o n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho, tak\u017ee vy\u017eaduje \u010das na osvojen\u00ed. Gramatika korej\u0161tiny je tak\u00e9 slo\u017eit\u00e1, s mnoha \u00farovn\u011bmi zdvo\u0159ilosti a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi koncovkami sloves, kter\u00e9 se m\u011bn\u00ed podle soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kontextu.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Designed by Freepik<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010ce\u0161tina se najednou nezd\u00e1 tak \u0161\u00edlen\u00e1, \u017ee?<\/a> V\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 jazyky jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za jedny z nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch na sv\u011bt\u011b, a to z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. Nic nen\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00e9. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee nau\u010dit se jak\u00fdkoli jazyk vy\u017eaduje \u010das, trp\u011blivost a praxi.

Pokud se rozhodnete nau\u010dit se n\u011bkter\u00fd z t\u011bchto jazyk\u016f, m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 hodina, kterou investujete do studia, v\u00e1s p\u0159ibli\u017euje k porozum\u011bn\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a bohat\u00e9 kultury, kterou dan\u00fd jazyk reprezentuje. A to za to p\u0159eci stoj\u00ed. Kdybyste pot\u0159ebovali se studiem pomoci, nev\u00e1hejte se pod\u00edvat na na\u0161e webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky<\/a>. Mo\u017en\u00e1 se nejedn\u00e1 pouze o v\u00e1\u0161 sen, ale i o sen dal\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed, se kter\u00fdmi se m\u016f\u017eete setkat na na\u0161em jazykov\u00e9m kurzu<\/a>. Kdyby p\u0159eci jen v\u00e1mi vytou\u017een\u00fd jazyk nem\u011bl otev\u0159en\u00fd skupinov\u00fd kurz, tak nezoufejte. R\u00e1di pro v\u00e1s zorganizujeme individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fduku<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vybrat nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky na sv\u011bt\u011b nen\u00ed v\u016fbec snadn\u00fd \u00fakol, proto\u017ee obt\u00ed\u017enost je ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e subjektivn\u00ed. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mate\u0159sk\u00e9m jazyce dan\u00e9ho mluv\u010d\u00edho, jeho jazykov\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech a dal\u0161\u00edch faktorech.Nicm\u00e9n\u011b existuj\u00ed jazyky, kter\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 gramatice, v\u00fdslovnosti, p\u00edsmu nebo kulturn\u00edm rozd\u00edl\u016fm. Poj\u010fme se spole\u010dn\u011b pod\u00edvat na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich. \u010c\u00edn\u0161tina (mandar\u00edn\u0161tina) \u010c\u00edn\u0161tina je \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bna jako jeden z nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch jazyk\u016f sv\u011bta. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je bezesporu jej\u00ed ton\u00e1ln\u00ed povaha. \u010c\u00edn\u0161tina m\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed t\u00f3ny, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit v\u00fdznam slova. Nap\u0159\u00edklad slovo \u201ema\u201c m\u016f\u017ee znamenat \u201ematka\u201c, \u201ekonop\u00ed\u201c, \u201ek\u016f\u0148\u201c nebo \u201enad\u00e1vat\u201c v z\u00e1vislosti na t\u00f3nu p\u0159i vysloven\u00ed….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4056,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,242,243,246],"tags":[112,340,235,1109,1110,1105,1107,1112,1111,1106,734,1113,1108],"class_list":["post-4055","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informujeme","category-tipy-ke-studiu","category-tipy-ke-studiu-cinstiny","category-zajimavosti","tag-arabstina","tag-cinstina","tag-cizi-jazyky","tag-hangul","tag-hiragana","tag-japonstina","tag-jazyky","tag-kanji","tag-katakana","tag-korejstina","tag-madarstina","tag-mandarinstina","tag-nejtezsi-jazyky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky sv\u011bta: Kter\u00e9 to jsou a pro\u010d? - BLOG: Jazykov\u00e9 centrum Correct<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jc-correct.com\/blog\/nejtezsi-jazyky-sveta-ktere-to-jsou-a-proc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky sv\u011bta: Kter\u00e9 to jsou a pro\u010d? - BLOG: Jazykov\u00e9 centrum Correct\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vybrat nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jazyky na sv\u011bt\u011b nen\u00ed v\u016fbec snadn\u00fd \u00fakol, proto\u017ee obt\u00ed\u017enost je ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e subjektivn\u00ed. 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